Question:
How can I take a multi-line string in zsh, and split it into an array of strings that are a single line each?
Specifically I want to take the output of cal
June 2010 Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 and turn it into
(" June 2010 " "Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa" " 1 2 3 4 5" " 6 7 8 9 10 11 12" "13 14 15 16 17 18 19" "20 21 22 23 24 25 26" "27 28 29 30") Which is a zsh array.
My ultimate goal is then to take the output of another command and put them side by side, so if i had
a b c and
d e f I would end up with
a d b e c f
Solution:1
Here's an example of process substitution which will work in zsh and Bash. It uses the Unix/Linux tool paste to put two calendars side-by-side as a demonstration.
$ paste <(cal 6 2009) <(cal 6 2010) June 2009 June 2010 Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 27 28 29 30 To answer your question directly:
saveIFS=$IFS; IFS=$'\n'; array=($(cal 6 2010)); IFS=$saveIFS Which also works in Bash.
Solution:2
In zsh, you may type
array=( ${(s. .)"$(cal)"} ) or, with eval:
eval $'array=( ${(s.\n.)"$(cal)"} )' Here (s.smth.) specifies the expression to split on (no patterns, only fixed string. Unlike IFS, (s.:::.) will split on :::, while IFS=':::' will split on :). eval is used in order to put newline character inside (s) flag since (s.\n.) means split on backslash followed by letter «n».
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